Our Roots, Pt. 43

Order and Organization of the Apostolic Church (Concluded)
By T. E. Bowen
(Review and Herald, May 9, 1907)

At one time James and John besought Christ that they might be seated, one on the right hand, the other on the left, in his kingdom. Jesus rebuked this request. Its motive was selfishness, the same that actuates politicians seeking for authority. But under the operation of the Holy Spirit, arrangements providing for the guidance, the order, and authority of the church would be made. Order would be preserved, and human instrumentalities would be used to preserve it, but not in the manner James and John supposed. At this conference were those men upholding the circumcision idea. Peter, James (the Lord's brother; for James the brother of John had already perished with the sword), Barnabas, and Paul, with delegates from Antioch, Judas, called Barsabbas, and Silas, besides the brethren at Jerusalem, are named as being present — a representative company. This question of circumcision received careful consideration. The conference was called for this special purpose. “And the apostles and the elders were gathered together to consider of this matter." The disciples from “the sect of the Pharisees who believed" rose up and said, “It is needful to circumcise them, and to charge them to keep the law of Moses." Peter followed with his experience. Then Paul and Barnabas were listened to while they related “what signs and wonders God had wrought among the Gentiles through them."

James certainly acted as chairman, by common consent, of this conference; for when the arguments were all in from both sides, he gave in as his judgment “that we trouble not them that from the Gentiles turn to God; but that we write unto them, that they abstain from the pollutions of idols, and from fornication, and from what is strangled, and from blood." All voted for this, and delegates were chosen and appointed by the apostles and the elders, the whole church concurring, to accompany Paul and Barnabas back into the conference of Gentile churches, bearing letters announcing the decision of the general conference at Jerusalem concerning the circumcision difficulty. What for? — So that these men running about upon their own assumed authority, unsettling the minds of the believers, might hereafter be silenced as having no authority from the church to carry on such a work. Thus this perplexing question of circumcision was forever settled, and in the Lord's own way; for he had by direct revelation sent Paul up to Jerusalem for its settlement, thus acknowledging also that the organized church had responsibility in reference to the deciding of such questions.

This is not the only instance where reference is made to James, showing that he, not Peter, stood as the one chosen as best suited to preside over the work of the general cause at that time. When Peter was thrust into prison at the time James, the brother of John, was killed, after his miraculous escape he went to the house of Mary, John Mark's mother. On leaving that night for his escape from Jerusalem, he left word with them to take the news of his departure to James. Acts 12: 17. Why report to James?—Because he was their acknowledged leader, or servant of all; and through him Peter was communicating to the whole church.

Another instance is that of Paul's last visit to Jerusalem, before going to Rome. Again, he desired to report here the wonderful works of God manifested in his labors. Taking with him some representative brethren (delegates from the churches where he had labored), he made his way to Jerusalem. “And when we were come to Jerusalem, the brethren received us gladly. And the day following Paul went in with us unto James; and all the elders were present." Then they rehearsed their experiences. Acts 21.

Of Paul's first visit to Jerusalem, he wrote to the Galatian brethren: “And when they perceived the grace that was given unto me, James and Cephas and John, they who were reputed to be pillars, gave to me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship, that we should go unto the Gentiles, and they unto the circumcision; only they would that we should remember the poor; which very thing I was also zealous to do." Now what are we to conclude from all this?

1. That, while the head of every man, as well as of the church, was Christ, the men who were under the direct leadership of Christ, through the Holy Ghost, in the early church, were perfectly organized, and labored unitedly, with system and order characterizing all their movements.

2. That although under the direct working of the Spirit of God,— so much so that many of them were prophets, having visions by day and night, with angels often appearing to them as counselors,— still the apostles felt the need of counseling together concerning important interests in the church, coming together for this special purpose.

3. That at these council meetings, as well as between them, some one was chosen to preside and take the oversight of the interests of Christ's work.

4. That representative men were selected as delegates from churches, to attend these councils, and to go on various errands, to represent the church in specific matters as the interest of the work demanded.

And this is all that the system of organization, perfected under the guidance of the Spirit, is for in these days. But it is very evident, from these New Testament scriptures, that under the mighty working of the Holy Spirit, poured out in the former rain upon the church, there was unity among the believers, and a system of organization maintained which was perfect in its operations. In it all every man had perfect liberty in Christ, God alone being exalted as the head, while the power of his name was being published throughout the earth.

In closing, we wish to submit a few quotations from the spirit of prophecy, which will help us to understand a little more clearly these brief statements of the Scriptures thrown in in the gospel narrative. In the old edition of “Great Controversy," Vol. Ill, pages 368-374, in speaking of the controversy over circumcision, we read (italics are used to call attention to certain points) : "Churches were duly organized in the places before mentioned, elders appointed in each church, and the proper order and system established there. Paul and Barnabas labored in Antioch some time; and many Gentiles there embraced the doctrine of Christ. But certain Jews from Judea raised a general consternation among the believing Gentiles, by agitating the question of circumcision. They asserted, with great assurance, that none could be saved without being circumcised.

“This was an important question, and one which affected the church in a very great degree. Paul and Barnabas met it with promptness, and opposed introducing the subject to the Gentiles. They were opposed in this by the believing Jews of Antioch, who favored the position of those from Judea. The matter resulted in much discussion and want of harmony in the church [the very thing the enemy was after], until finally the church at Antioch, apprehending that a division among them would occur from any further discussion of the question, decided to send Paul and Barnabas, together with some responsible men of Antioch, to Jerusalem, and lay the matter before the apostles and elders. There they were to meet delegates from the different churches, and those who had come to attend the approaching annual festivals. Meanwhile all controversy was to cease, until a final decision should be made by the responsible men of the church. This decision was then to be universally accepted by the various churches throughout the country.

“Upon arriving at Jerusalem, the delegates from Antioch related before the assembly of the churches the success that had attended the ministry with them, and the confusion that had resulted from the fact that certain converted Pharisees declared that the Gentile converts must be circumcised and keep the law of Moses, in order to be saved."

“The question thus brought under the consideration of the council seemed to present insurmountable difficulties, viewed in whatever light. But the Holy Ghost had, in reality, already settled this problem, upon the decision of which depended the prosperity, and even the existence, of the Christian church. Grace, wisdom, and sanctified judgment were given to the apostles to decide the vexed question."

After this question was “warmly discussed in the assembly," James bore his testimony with decision — that God designed to bring in the Gentiles to enjoy all the privileges of the Jews. The Holy Ghost saw good not to impose the ceremonial law on the Gentile converts; and the apostles and elders, after careful investigation of the subject, saw the matter in the same light, and their mind was as the mind of the Spirit of God. James presided at the council, and his final decision was, "Wherefore my sentence is, that we trouble not them, which from among the Gentiles are turned to God."

These quotations corroborate that before cited from the Scriptures: —
1. That every church was thoroughly organized, with elders, deacons, and other officers.
2. That in questions involving the whole church, an individual church would not assume the responsibility of deciding them alone, but chose delegates to assemble with representatives from other churches, to consider them together.
3. That in these councils, a man of good judgment was chosen to preside over the deliberations.
4. And that thus churches of the same faith were handed together in one common brotherhood, although of different nationalities. Also that the Holy Ghost recognized these gatherings of the believers, by being present with wisdom and power to guide God's chosen, representative servants.

Surely the child of God can find in all this instruction from the New Testament and the spirit of prophecy ample proof that the organization under which Seventh-day Adventists are carrying forward the closing work of the gospel in the earth is in perfect accord with the methods by which Christ carried on the work of salvation in the days of the apostles. And may his grace enable every loyal soul keeping the commandments of God and the faith of Jesus to cling to the organization Christ himself has given us to preserve unity and order in this time when the enemy is seeking to confuse and scatter God's “little flock."

Next: Rebuking Kingly Power